Madd [Prolongation] Madd [Prolongation] means an extension of the duration of vowels. The Madd Letters are: [ ا ] whatever the diacritical mark of the preceding consonant, [ و ] with the preceding consonant having [ ُ ] and [ ي ] with the preceding consonant having [ ِ ]. These letters are pronounced with Madd when they precede a Hamzah in the same word [Connected Madd], or in the next word [Detached Madd]. The duration of Madd is five counts [Harakah]. In detached Madd the duration may be only two counts [Harakah]. Examine the examples to know how these letters are written in the `Uthmanic calligraphy of the Qur"an.