Diyah (i.e. blood money) can be paid from Zakat money in case of straitened circumstances
21-1-2014 | IslamWeb
Question:
I am a doctor and one of my friends works as an anesthetist in Makkah. One of his patients died from the effects of anesthesia, and the verdict was that the person responsible must pay 80,000 riyals as Diyyah to compensate for his death. Can I help him in paying the Diyyah or should I first investigate whether it was manslaughter without any negligence on his part before helping him? Can I give him from Zakat money in order to pay his Diyyah?
Answer:
All perfect praise be to Allaah, The Lord of the worlds. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allaah, and that Muhammad, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, is His slave and messenger.
In the case of manslaughter, Diyyah is due on the ‘Aaqilah (i.e. killer's male parental relatives) and the expiation (i.e. freeing a believing slave) is required from the killer himself. There is no disagreement among scholars in this regard, as was said by Ibn Al-Munthir 
. Scholars unanimously agreed upon this point.
In cases of deliberate killing, the Diyyah is not borne by the ‘Aaqilah but rather it is to be paid by the killer only. The questioner is not obliged to pay the Diyyah in either case, unless he was among the killer's ‘Aaqilah. In this case, he should bear his share of the blood money, if the killing was accidental.
As for your question about giving your friend some money from zakat to pay the Diyyah, if he is obliged to pay the blood money but is in straitened circumstances and is not in a financial position to repay his debt, then it is permissible to give him from zakat money to pay the blood money. In such a case, he is regarded as a debtor in straitened circumstances and is eligible to receive zakat.
Allaah Knows best.