All perfect praise be to Allaah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allaah and that Muhammad, sallallaahu ʻalayhi wa sallam, is His slave and Messenger.
Firstly, you should know that if you said to your wife, “I divorce you” (in the present tense), then the divorce does not take place unless you intended to divorce her on the spot while using the present tense. The apparent indication of your question suggests that this was your intention. Please refer to fatwa 269398.
The triple divorce is a form of innovative divorce (a bid’i divorce that does not conform to the Sunnah of the Prophet ). Al-Fawaakih Al-Dawaani ʻala Risaalat by Ibn Abu Zayd Al-Qayrawaani Al-Maaliki reads, “The triple divorce (divorce which is pronounced thrice in one sitting) is a religious innovation. If the husband uttered the words of divorce thrice by saying, 'You are divorced, you are divorced; you are divorced,' or 'divorced; divorced; divorced,' without intending to confirm the first divorce with the second and third divorce, then this is the same like triple divorce.” Hence, it is incumbent on the husband to repent to Allaah of such an action.
Allaah, The Exalted, accepts the repentance of the repentant and forgives him; however, whether the repentant will be forgiven or not has nothing to do with whether the divorce takes place or not.
The scholars held different opinions regarding whether the triple divorce counts as one or three occurrences of divorce. The majority of the scholars held that it counts as three occurrences of divorce unless the husband intended the second and third utterances to be a mere confirmation of the first; in this case, it counts as one occurrence of divorce. Ibn Taymiyyah held that it counts as one. The scholarly view adopted at Islamweb is that of the majority of the scholars. Please, refer to fataawa 155573 and 94110.
If the husband was in a state of extreme anger, like in your case (so furious that he no longer has control over his mind and is no longer aware of his actions and words), then the scholars held different views as to whether divorce issued in such a state takes effect or not. We have previously addressed this point in fatwa 83467. The adopted view at Islamweb is that the divorce uttered by a husband in a state of intense anger takes effect unless he was unaware of his words.
The scholars held different views regarding such matters; it is enough for you to consult a reliable scholar whose righteousness and knowledge you trust and to follow his fatwa. Do not consult many scholars (on one single issue) as this leads to confusion.
Allaah knows best.