Historians have agreed to call the military expedition led by the Prophet, , himself as a Ghazwah (invasion), whether he participated in the fighting or not. They also call the military expedition that he commanded, but did not lead in person, a Sariyyah (platoon). During these Sariyyahs, the Prophet, , appointed many Companions to lead the Muslim army and entrusted the Muslim flags to them to carry.
Here are some of them, may Allah be pleased with them who were from the Muhaajiroon (Muslims who migrated to Madeenah).
1. Abu Bakr As-Siddeeq, may Allah be pleased with him:
His full name is 'Abdullaah ibn Abi Quhaafah –'Uthmaan- ibn 'Aamir ibn Ka'b At-Taymi Al-Qurashi, and his nickname is Abu Bakr. He was the first man who believed in the Prophet, , and he was his closest companion throughout his mission. When the disbelievers drove the Prophet, , out of Makkah, he was with him in the cave (hiding from them). He was the leader of a platoon to Bani Fizaarah. Beside that, he has many other outstanding traits.
He was born in Makkah, and died in Madeenah after the death of the Prophet, , with two years, three months, and some days, exactly in 13 A.H.
2. 'Umar ibn Al-Khattaab, may Allah be pleased with him:
He is nicknamed Abu Hafs, Al-Faarooq (the one who can separate the truth from the falsehood). He was the second rightly-guided Caliph, and the first one to bear the title of Ameer Al-Mu'mineen (the Commander of the Believers). He was courageous, prudent, fair, resolute, and a great victor and companion. In the Period of Ignorance before Islam, 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, was among the heroes of the Quraysh and their ambassador. He embraced Islam five years before the Prophet, , emigrated to Madeenah, and the Muslims were all very proud at his joining the ranks of Islam at that time. He was appointed by the Prophet, , as a leader of a platoon to the tribe of Hawaazin in Turbah. He was recognized as Caliph immediately after the death of Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, upon the recommendation of Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him. He was assassinated at the hands of Abu Lu'Lu'ah the Magian, the slave of Al-Mugheerah ibn Shu'bah. After the attempt at murdering him, it is said that he, may Allah be pleased with him, lived three days in which he appointed six men as councilors after him. He died in 23 A.H., and the incidents of his life are well-known to everyone.
3. Amr ibn Al-'Aas Al-Qurashi As-Sahmi, may Allah be pleased with him:
He is a noble and great Companion, and was known as the shrewdest one of the Quraysh. He was the epitome of slyness, discernment and resoluteness. He embraced Islam along with Khaalid ibn Al-Waleed, may Allah be pleased with him, after the treaty of Hudaybiyah. The Prophet, , appointed him as the leader of the campaign of Thaat As-Salaasil in 8 A.H. The aim of this campaign was to attack the tribe of Bani Qudaa'ah, who wanted to attack Madeenah thinking that Muslims were defeated in the Battle of Mu'tah.
Amr ibn Al-'Aas, may Allah be pleased with him, was the conqueror of Egypt and its ruler. He fought in the army of Mu'aawiyah, may Allah be pleased with them all, in the Battle of Siffeen, and his biography is well-known. He died in the year 42 or 43 A.H according to differing opinions.
4. Abu 'Ubaydah ibn Al-Jarraah, may Allah be pleased with him:
His name is 'Aamir ibn 'Abdullaah ibn Al-Jarraah ibn Hilaal Al-Fihri Al-Qurashi, and his nickname is Abu 'Ubaydah. He was a great leader and Companion from the first forerunners to faith, and he was among the ten who were given the glad tidings of entering Paradise. The Prophet, , sent him as a leader of the platoon of Seef Al-Bahr, at the beginning of Ramadan in the first year after Hijrah. The Prophet, , called him "the trustworthy one of the nation". He witnessed all the battles with the Prophet, . Furthermore, 'Umar ibn Al-Khattaab, may Allah be pleased with him, appointed him as the leader of the army that was directed to Shaam instead of Khaalid ibn Al-Waleed, may Allah be pleased with him. He gained victory there, as he managed during the course of his expansion to reach eastwards to the Euphrates and northwards to the Asia Minor. He was softhearted and humble.
On the 18th A.H, he died during the plague of 'Amwaas, at a place between Ar-Ramlah and Jerusalem, at the age of fifty-eight.
His Military Commanders From the Muhaajiroon –II