Former supreme court head Eduardo Rodriguez has been sworn in as Bolivia's new president, after Congress convened to accept Carlos Mesa's resignation, amid violent street protests that claimed one life.

Rodriguez was sworn in on Thursday by head of Congress Hormando Vaca Diez, who himself declined to assume the country's presidency.

In his inauguration speech, shortly after midnight, Rodriguez made his commitment to a new vote: "One of my functions will be to convene the electoral process to renew the representatives of the people."

He did not set a date for the polls, but the constitution stipulates that under such circumstances, new elections must be held within the next six months.

Violent protests

Mesa, who resigned on Monday, had more than two years left on his term in office, which he took over after his predecessor Gonzalo Sanchez de Lozada resigned, also under popular pressure, in 2003.

Congress met in Sucre, instead of its headquarters in La Paz, to avoid violent street protests by tens of thousands of farmers and workers demanding new elections and the nationalisation of the oil and gas industry.

The demonstrations, however, followed the lawmakers to Sucre where earlier they turned violent, with a protesting miner shot dead by soldiers on Thursday.

PHOTO CAPTION

Former Bolivian supreme court president Eduardo Rodriguez delivers his speech during his swearing in as Bolivia's newly appointed leader at the House of Liberty in Sucre, southeast La Paz. (AFP)