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The Transitional National Council (TNC), based in Benghazi, has appealed for loans of up to $3bn, saying they need around half of that for food, medicine and other basic supplies.
Italy, host of Thursday's meeting in Rome of the Contact Group on Libya, said the temporary special fund would aim to channel cash to the opposition administration in its eastern Libyan stronghold.
Franco Frattini, Italy's foreign minister, said $250m were already available, while his French counterpart said the fund could be up and running within weeks.
But efforts to unblock Libyan state assets frozen in overseas accounts, or to allow the opposition to get past UN sanctions that prevent their selling oil on international markets, have been held up.
'Loan rather than gift'
Clinton said the US government would try and free up some of the $30bn it has frozen in Libyan assets to help the TNC.
She said the administration of Barack Obama wants "to tap some portion of those assets owned by Gaddafi and the Libyan government in the United States, so we can make those funds available to help the Libyan people".
Kuwait said it has pledged $180m and Qatar will put in $400-$500m, its prime minister said on Thursday.
However Britain has said it has no plans to contribute to the new fund because it had already made a "very substantial" contribution to humanitarian assistance.
Laurence Lee, Al Jazeera's correspondent in Rome, said it had been suggested that the money would not be a gift, but a loan from the coalition countries.
"One assumes that in the fullness of time this would be repaid by oil sales, which Qatar already started with one shipment of oil. And it may be able to be repaid relatively quickly.
He said the countries that recognize the opposition council, France, Italy and Qatar, are the ones with which the TNC will do business.
Mahmoud Shammam, chief spokesman for the TNC, has said the opposition urgently need $1.5bn to cover immediate running costs.
"We need this for medical supplies, for food supplies, to keep the minimum functions of normal life - electricity, running hospitals etc," he said on Wednesday.
The opposition also wants to press their cases for better weapons and equipment, Shammam suggested, saying that they are "hungry for basic arms."
The meeting of Libya Contact Group brought together foreign ministers from countries including France, Britain, the United States, Italy and Qatar as well as representatives of the Arab League and the African Union.
British officials said the Rome meeting would seek to impose new restrictions on arms smuggling and mercenaries operating within Libya, and hoped the contact group would work on action intended to restrict Gaddafi's exports of crude oil and his ability to import refined oil products.
Continuation of clashes
As the ministers met in Italy, fighting continued on the ground in Libya.
In Zintan, southwest of Tripoli, an opposition spokesman said NATO planes struck Gaddafi's forces and weapons depots west of the town in two raids on Thursday.
"As far as we know, T-72 tanks, Grad missile launchers and heavy weaponry are kept in those depots," the spokesman, named Abdulrahman, told Reuters by telephone.
Earlier, Abdulrahman said pro-Gaddafi forces had fired about 50 Russian-made Grad rockets into Zintan on Thursday.
Near the border with Tunisia, an opposition fighter told Reuters there was intense fighting in the area of the village of Ghezaya.
The village lies between the Dehiba-Wazin border crossing, which is in opposition hands, and the town of Nalut where residents said Gaddafi loyalists had been shelling opposition positions.
Opposition says they are preparing for an attempt by Gaddafi's forces to retake the crossing.
Late on Thursday a Tunisian security source said more than a dozen mortar rounds fired from Libya had landed near Dehiba, one of them near a reservoir supplying the town with drinking water.
PHOTO CAPTION
Italian Foreign Minister Franco Frattini (R) shakes hands with Mustafa Abdel Jalil, head of Libya's Opposition Provisional Transitional National Council, after a meeting in Rome April 19, 2011.
Al-Jazeera
