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Question
Kindly explain briefly and give chapter and verses of the following Ayahs?1) Ya Ayyuhallathina Aamanu Ithaqullaha Haqqa Thuqathihi?2) Wallahu Ala An-Nasi Hajjal Baith?3) Wajahadu Fi Sabeelillah?4) Inna Akramakum Indallahi Athqakum?
Answer
Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the World; and may His blessings and peace be upon our Prophet Muhammad and upon all his Family and Companions.
The first verse is in Surah Al-Imran and Its number is: 102 Allah Says (interpretation of meaning): {O you who believe! Fear Allâh (by doing all that He has ordered and by abstaining from all that He has forbidden) as He should be feared. [Obey Him, be thankful to Him, and remember Him always], and die not except in a state of Islâm (as Muslims) with complete submission to Allâh.} [3: 102].
The meaning is do whatever Allah Commands you and avoid whatever Allah forbids you, i.e. fear Allah as much as you can. As evidence for this, Allah Says (interpretation of meaning): {So keep your duty to Allâh and fear Him as much as you can; …} [64: 16].
Fearing Allah means putting a protection between you and the Punishment of Allah by performing His Orders and avoiding His Prohibitions. Then Allah concludes this Ayah by ordering human beings to stick to Islam while alive and healthy so that death comes to one of them while on Islam. Allah Says (interpretation of meaning): {… and die not except in a state of Islâm (as Muslims) with complete submission to Allâh.} [3: 102].
The second verse is in Surah Al-Imran and its number is 97. Allah Says (interpretation of meaning): {… he attains security. And Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah) to the House (Ka'bah) is a duty that mankind owes to Allâh, those who can afford the expenses (for one's conveyance, provision and residence); and whoever disbelieves [i.e. denies Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah), then he is a disbeliever of Allâh], then Allâh stands not in need of any of the 'Alamîn (mankind and jinns).} [3: 97].
Ibn Katheer said: 'This is the verse that the majority of the Muslim scholars give as evidence to the obligation of Hajj' . Hajj is a pillar of Islam as mentioned in sound Hadith. It is mandatory on the person who has the ability and the necessary expenses to perform it to do so one time in his life. This is the consensus of all Muslim scholars. This is the meaning of the part of the verse that says: {… those who can afford the expenses (for one's conveyance, provision and residence); …} [3: 97].
Allah then concludes the verse by saying: {… and whoever disbelieves [i.e. denies Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah), then he is a disbeliever of Allâh], then Allâh stands not in need of any of the 'Alamîn (mankind and jinns).} [3: 197].
The scholars of Islam disagree regarding the interpretation of this verse. Some of them believe that the person who disbelieves by refusing to perform Hajj although he has the ability and the expenses Allah is not in need of him.
This is an opinion of some scholars, and one of the opinions of Imam Ahmad is that whoever does not perform Hajj without a legal excuse becomes Kafir. The same opinion is narrated from Umar Ibn Khattab (Radiya Allahu Anhu).
The second opinion is that "whoever disbelieves" means to deny Hajj makes one a disbeliever of Allah.
The third verse is a portion of several verses in the Qur'an 2: 218, 8: 74 and 9: 20.
In this verse Allah urges Muslims to perform Jihad physically and materially for the Sake of Allah. Jihad is a collective duty. So, if some Muslims do it the other members are exempt from it. But Jihad can become an individual obligation in the three following situations:
First, when the imam of the Muslims or somebody who acts on his behalf calls for Jihad all those whom he required to participate in Jihad must do so.
Second, when the Muslim enters in the line of the battle he must fight; he should not run away.
Third, when his country is invaded by an enemy or the Muslim community is in need of him to fight their enemy, in this case Jihad becomes an individual obligation.
The verse mentioned in your question is a part of the verse No. 13 in Surah Al-Hujrat. Allah Says (interpretation of meaning): {… Verily, the most honourable of you with Allâh is that (believer) who has At-Taqwa [i.e. one of the Muttaqûn (pious); …} [49: 13].
In the beginning of the verse Allah declared that all human beings are from a man and a woman. Basically they are equal; no one has special status over others. Therefore, one should not pride oneself over others based on lineage. Then Allah made clear that the only quality by that one may gain status by virtue of being God-fearing. Therefore, everyone should avoid pride based on lineage since it does not elevate one in virtue.
Allah knows best.
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