How can I prove the invalidity of evolution theory of human beings (Darwinism) on an Islamic and logical basis? In what logical scientific method can I prove that the earth and nature are not self-created?
Please note that, the word 'logical' in this question means the way I can convince the unbelievers in the Qur'an and Islam.

All perfect praise be to Allah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allah, and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger.

Darwin's theory is based on the following:

A human being is no more than an animal. He came into being in accordance with the theory of evolution that the similarity between the human being and ape came from the same species.

Darwin explained his theory as follows:

Weak creatures are wiped out by factors of natural destruction. Only strong living beings remain alive. In simple words, only the strong organism survives to give hereditary qualities to progeny. Then, by passing time a single creature evolves bearing a new structure. Such a process is called evolutionism.

Many scientists disproved such a theory. Dr. Surial in his book "Collapse of Darwin's Theory" said: “There are several missing links among categories of living beings other than those related to the human being. In fact, there are no intermediate forms between unicellular animals and multicellular animals, between mollusks and arthropods, vertebrates and amphibia, amphibia and reptiles, or even between reptiles and other animals. I mentioned the above creatures according to their biological period.”

Dallas, one of the scientists who refuted Darwin's theory, said: “Development according to evolutionism can not be true concerning the human being. It is essential to state that the human being has been created in the image we see.”

Another scientist said: “As a matter of fact, it becomes clear that there is a big difference between a human being and an ape. So, we cannot state that the human being emerges from ape progeny. Even it is not good to state such an opinion.”

A third scientist said: “No one can support Darwin's theory it is a child like opinion.”

Huxely, one of Darwin's friends, said: “Based on available facts no one can claim that a plant or an animal came into being according to natural or industrial selection.”

In addition, the word theory does not mean a fact or a law; i.e. it is possible to right or wrong, false or true. From a practical point of view, no one can deny that creatures came into existence through sexual reproduction, not through evolutionism.

Then, ability of animals to accommodation is borne and not gained or developed as claimed by Darwin and his followers. For example, a chameleon can change its colors according to its backgrounds. Other animals cannot do that, since they have no such an ability. Then, we don't find such an ability in stones and other solid bodies.

Stance of Islam towards Darwin's theory is as follows:

1) Darwin says that nature is the creator. This statement contradicts the Quran. Allah Says (what means): {Allah is the Creator of all things, and He is, over all things, Disposer of affairs.} [Quran 39:62] Allah also Says (what means): {Indeed, all things We created with predestination.} [Quran 54:49]

2) Darwin alleges knowing the manner of emergence of life on Earth.

Allah Says (what means): {I did not make them witness to the creation of the heavens and the earth or to the creation of themselves, and I would not have taken the misguides as assistants.} [Quran 18:51]

Also, Allah informs human beings and angels of Adam's creation.

Allah Says (what means):

• {And [mention, O Muhammad], when your Lord said to the angels, "Indeed, I will make upon the earth a successive authority."} [Quran 2:30]

• {O People, if you should be in doubt about the Resurrection, then [consider that] indeed, We created you from dust, then from a sperm-drop, then from a clinging clot, and then from a lump of flesh, formed and unformed - that We may show you. And We settle in the wombs whom We will for a specified term, then We bring you out as a child, and then [We develop you] that you may reach your [time of] maturity.} [Quran 22:5]

In the same vein, Abu Musa al-Ash'ari reported that the Prophet said: “Allah, Be He Blessed, Created Adam from a handful (of dust) taking it from all corners of earth. Thus, the children of Adam came equal from the earth. Some (of children of Adam) were red, others white and black, others mixed. Some of them were obedient and others inflexible. Some are good and others are bad.” [At-Tirmithi and Abu Daawood]

Water is an essential element in Adam's creation.

Allah Says (what means): {Allah has created every [living] creature from water.} [Quran 24:45] Allah Created Adam with His Hands. Allah also Says (what means): {[Allah] said, "O Iblees, what prevented you from prostrating to that which I created with My hands? Were you arrogant [then], or were you [already] among the haughty?"} [Quran 38:75]
Then, mud changed into clay of pottery. Allah Says (what means): {He created man from clay like [that of] pottery.} [Quran 55:14]

In reality, Adam was the first created man. Allah Created him in the best complete form and not the opposite as claimed by Darwin. But, the first creature was so complete and big. Then, he became incomplete and smaller in size than his fathers. The Prophet said: “Allah Created Adam and he was sixty cubits tall.” [Al-Bukhari and Muslim]

So, the believers will enter Paradise as complete as Adam's image. The previous Hadeeth also reads: “Every person enters Paradise in the shape of Adam.” The Prophet ended the saying with: "Decrease in shape of a human being continues till now.”

3) Darwin's saying: 'Only the strong and best will remain alive and catastrophes are the cause behind destruction of weak creatures', is refuted since death befalls everyone, weak and strong. Allah Says (what means): {[He] who created death and life to test you [as to] which of you is best in deed - and He is the Exalted in Might, the Forgiving.} [Quran 67:2]

4) Honoring the human being is contradictory to Darwin's theory which degrades the human being's rank to that of an ape.

Allah Says (what means):

• {And We have certainly honored the children of Adam and carried them on the land and sea and provided for them of the good things and preferred them over much of what We have created, with [definite] preference.} [Quran 17:70]

• {We have certainly created man in the best of stature.} [Quran 95:4]

For more details, please refer to:

1. Al-‘Aqeedah Fillah, authored by Umar. S. al-Ashqar.

2. Al-Islam Fi ‘Asr al-'Ilm, authored by Muhammad F. Wajdi.

As for your second question, here is a sufficient explanation:

Allah informed us in the Quran of Satan's enmity to believers. Allah Says (what means): {O mankind, indeed the promise of Allah is truth, so let not the worldly life delude you and be not deceived about Allah by the Deceiver. Indeed, Satan is an enemy to you; so take him as an enemy. He only invites his party to be among the companions of the Blaze.} [Quran 35:5-6]
Allah also clarifies to us that Satan tries to tempt every human being by all means. Allah Says (what means): {[Satan] said, "Because You have put me in error, I will surely sit in wait for them on Your straight path. Then I will come to them from before them and from behind them and on their right and on their left, and You will not find most of them grateful [to You]."} [Quran 7:16-17]

Then, Satan withdraws announcing his innocence and leaving the human being in disbelief and disobedience. Allah Says (what means):

• {[The hypocrites are] like the example of Satan when he says to man, "Disbelieve." But when he disbelieves, he says, "Indeed, I am disassociated from you. Indeed, I fear Allah, Lord of the worlds."} [Quran 59:16]

• {And Satan will say when the matter has been concluded, “Indeed, Allah had promised you the promise of truth. And I promised you, but I betrayed you. But I had no authority over you except that I invited you, and you responded to me. So do not blame me; but blame yourselves. I cannot be called to your aid, nor can you be called to my aid. Indeed, I deny your association of me [with Allah] before. Indeed, for the wrongdoers is a painful punishment.”} [Quran 14:22]

Thus, Satan, due to his eternal enmity to believers, craves to seduce the believing human being and casts misconceptions and doubt in his heart. Then, one becomes hesitant and confused concerning faith in Allah. Here are some points that help us refute such a misconceptions:

1 - Sane people do not believe that living creatures are created from nothing. In other words, no living being created himself/itself. Whoever believes the opposite is for sure insane.

A Muslim scholar debated with some atheists, who believed that all living beings came into existence by chance. The scholar and atheists made an appointment for a debate. There was a river between the place of meeting and the scholar's house. So, he came late. They asked him: ‘Why have you come late?’ He said: ‘When I arrived at the river I did not find a boat. So, I waited some time, and by chance I saw trees uprooting out of earth by themselves and then met one another and tied by a cord to be shaped like a boat. Then, I took that boat to you. They said: ‘This is unreasonable’. The scholar replied: ‘Then how do you believe that the earth and skies came into being by chance and you do not believe that a boat created itself!?’

Thus, we have, as sane creatures, to believe that nothing created itself; no human being created himself. Who is the creator of this universe? Earth, skies, rivers, trees, …etc? Who maintains them? He is Allah, since one who has nothing can not give something, and the one who is created can not create something else. Nature has no ability to create, then how could it create itself?

Therefore, there must be one who creates and is not created. He is Allah, Who has the all-perfect qualities. While the creatures are not complete, they need others but Allah needs nobody; He is the First and the Last. Allah Says (what means): {Or were they created by nothing, or were they the creators [of themselves]?} [Quran 52:35]

For more benefit, please refer to Fataawa 360076, 361846, 361168, and 4755.

Allah knows best.